The main BEPS development this month has been the release of a discussion draft on a multilateral instrument. At the EU, there have been a number of developments around the proposed Anti-Tax Avoidance Directive. In the Netherlands, proposed changes to the innovation box have been released and proposals to change the dividend withholding tax rules for cooperatives are expected to be presented on Budget day. Details on the implementation of Italy’s new tax ruling procedure for substantial investments have been released. In Finland, there have been recent developments that could impact debt push down arrangements and proposed changes to time limits which could impact, in particular, overseas funds making claims for refunds of withholding tax.