In Patersons of Greenoakhill Ltd v HMRC [2014] UKUT 225, the Upper Tribunal (UT) dismissed the appeal of the landfill site operator (LSO) for the repayment of landfill tax paid on the disposal of biodegradable material (biomass), or that proportion of it, from which landfill gas is naturally produced. The decision illustrates that LSOs seeking repayment of landfill tax will have to demonstrate that they did not have an intention to discard material which is the subject of repayment claims. The ruling gives some indication as to the circumstances in which repayment claims by LSOs deriving electricity from methane produced by landfill might yet run.